The only way I think a touchless car wash could do that much damage to rubber that quickly is if the chemical balance was off; but it certainly does look like there has been some chemical damage.
That pitting isn't caused by scratches, but the scratches look to be caused by abrasion. The paint imperfections... It doesn't really make sense.
So many different factors at play, there. What could eat rubber, then abrade rubber, then deeply scratch paint, and also abrade paint? That's a lot all at once. A pressure washer can do some of that, but not all of it.
Something ate that rubber. It could have been a poor dressing compound reaction. As far as what scratched it, yes. A pressure washer can do that, but in order to do that, someone would have needed to believe that it was so filthy it required just about point blank range to clean it off, and in that event, I'd ask why it was so filthy to begin with.
Hopefully I'm missing something, here.