It definitely could happen, but it’s usually a case of surprise that would bring on an attack. Typically when the Ray has buried itself to rest or is stationary on the bottom is when most of these accidents happen, and like you mentioned, in poor visibility. Drag your feet! When they’re active, feeding and swimming around it’s much less likely. I’ve hand fed and picked up large rays in the wild that aren’t a part of a tourist attraction. I’ve even nudged them away with my feet while standing in the shallows cleaning fish and conch. Growing up in The Bahamas you spend a lot of time in and on the ocean, but I can’t say I personally know anyone that’s ever been the victim of a stingray whip. Granted our waters are clearer than some swimming pools, so I’m sure that plays a role in it.
Most people wouldn’t jump in with sharks surrounding the boat either. Just don’t bail on a wakeboard kicker while they chum up a frenzy. Jackasses.
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