I just went through a few oil choices, as a veteran at this.
It comes down to using a reduced additive (saps) VW 504 oil to help with intake deposits, or not.
In the case of short trip driving, I think you might want to consider it. We do 30 minutes for a typical drive, which helps with engine cleanliness, so we're going with a full saps oil. Also plan on doing yearly intake cleanings with CRC GDI spray, so for us deposits are no problemo.
504 is a great spec, but quite expensive to do the 2x a year changes we would like.
https://online.lubrizol.com/relperftool/pc.html
Is there another way to get reduced saps 504 performance, without the costs? YES!
Pennzoil Euro L 5w-30 at $22/jug
https://www.walmart.com/ip/Pennzoil-Platinum-Euro-L-5W-30-Full-Synthetic-Motor-Oil-5-qt/495194903
It carries BMW LL-04 and MB 229.51 (same as 229.5 on this graph)... 504 would just add to the licencing and testing costs, trust me it is a 504 generation or 504 equivalent oil. Even if not, it still exceeds 502 by a mile w/reduced saps...
So it far exceeds any VW 502 spec and beats 504 in piston deposits (similar to valve deposits) Again, way better than the crapola VW 502 at a similar price, and reduced deposits.
For "normal" drivers like us, we're going with full saps, 0w-40. If you like 5w-40, you are in luck, they are all the exact same basic formula with MB 229.5, but older MB 229.3 / VW 502 style are still around, like Dealer Syntec 5w-40....yikes.
Better bet in 5w-40 for people who track or otherwise want a stout oil, is a HD truck oil like Rotella or my pet HDEO, Chevron Delo 5w-40 with HT/HS of 4.1cP. Again, Euro brand pretty-boy oil is a waste, and not even that good except maybe Ravenol SSL.
0w-40 tends to be a better newer formula, MB 229.5 is taken for granted. ANY 0w-40 will be excellent, but they have a bit more variety to their formula.
Castrol with titanium and reduced calcium if you worry about LSPI, I don't. A great product, but it has been fiddled with recently, showing a modest flashpoint of 200C.
Mobil 1 FS, tried and true. I'm using it in my brand new MB Metris since I have a bunch of it already.
Pennzoil Ultra 0w-40 is what we are going with because it's great, but also because I have a bunch of other PZ Ultra 30 weight I can use for winter and to top off the extra Q of 0w-40. Aside from the high flashpiint and moly content, a lame reason to choose an oil, but it shows how much I don't care....all are great choices.
Changing every 6 months is ideal for both short trip driving as well as long haul highway miles. I reuse the filter once, just unscrew it halfway and you hear the oil gurgle oil. Then retighten for another 6 months.
If you drive less than 7500 miles a year, one change before winter is fine. If you drive over 20k a year, consider 3 changes a year. Otherwise, Spring and Fall is perfect. Even change visc if you want for winter / summer.