Cylinder Head Installation
Step 1: Clean and Degrease
The first step in installing the head is to thoroughly clean and degrease the deck of the block and the head surface. Use a lint free shop towel and either acetone or lacquer thinner. Brake cleaner would work in a pinch, but can leave a slight residue so i would avoid if possible. I used acetone.
Prior to cleaning the head:
Step 2: Install head studs
Below is a clean deck with ARP Studs (part # ARP-CVN1) installed. The studs go into the block finger tight. You do not want to snug the studs down because they are an alloy steel and the block is cast iron, so they have different rates of thermal expansion. If the studs are cranked down into the block extremely tight, you can actually crack the block during a warmup. Its very rare, but it is a needless risk. Once the head is torqued the studs cannot physically move because they cannot overcome the friction in the threads. On previous builds i have bottomed the studs out, backed them off 1/2 turn so they were not fully seated, and then installed the head. They do not move. On this one i bottomed them out but finger tight only.
Step 3: Head Gasket
VW uses a MLS (Multi-Layer Steel) headgasket right from the factory. MLS gaskets are extremely durable, but they are also very intolerant of any surface imperfections. You need to tell the machine shop you are using an MLS gasket so they can make sure the surfaces are like glass. It's not 1980, we do not use copper sprays or any other bullshit on gaskets. The surfaces should be spotless, degreased and dry. The marking to look for on the OEM gasket is below, it is only marked on one side so make sure the marking on the front of the engine is face up:
Step 4: Install the Head
Set the engine to just before TDC (top dead center) and carefully drop the head on the block and make sure it is seated correctly and fully. Use the ARP moly lube to lubricate the studs, washers, and threads inside the nuts. The Moly lube is critically important to getting proper and consistent clamping force. If using stock head bolts (which IMO is a mistake on a performance build) use motor oil to lubricate.
Torque the head per the sequence below. If using ARP fasteners, ARPs recommendation is 3 steps, 25ft lbs, 50 ft lbs, and 80 ft lbs. It is a 12mm 12pt socket. I waited 24 hours for the gasket to settle and repeated the 80ft lbs step a second time. They moved but very little. Ideally i would retorque the head after the first couple of heat cycles, but it is not practical with the cam girdle design on this engine.
The final step is the 4 bolts on the front of the engine, VW part # N-101-562-06. Torque these to 3ft lbs (4 NM) and then yield 90 degrees:
And that's that...